Celtis occidentalis, commonly called common hackberry, is a medium to large sized deciduous tree that typically grows 40-60’ tall with upright-arching branching and a rounded spreading crown. Trunk diameter ranges from 1-3 feet tall. This tree is a U.S. native that is widely distributed throughout the east and midwest. It is hardy from zones 2-9 and widely used by Native Americans, who valued it for medicinal, food, and ceremonial purposes. Medicinally, the bark was decocted to serve as a gynecological aid that could induce abortion, regulate menstrual cycles, and treat venereal diseases. Bark decoctions were also taken for sore throats.